PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

Which symptom is related to superior vena cava syndrome?

1. Coughing up blood

2. Synergistic breathing sounds

3. Facial edema

4. Pain during inspiration

The correct answer is: Facial edema

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) occurs when there is obstruction or compression of the superior vena cava, which can significantly affect venous return from the head, neck, and upper extremities. One of the hallmark symptoms of this condition is facial edema. This swelling is caused by the increased pressure from the obstruction leading to fluid accumulation in the tissues of the face and neck. As blood flow is impeded, patients often present with noticeable swelling in these areas, which can also extend to the conjunctiva and cause a host of other symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure or cerebral edema. Recognizing facial edema as a critical symptom of SVCS can aid in prompt diagnosis and management, especially in a clinical scenario where timely intervention is necessary to prevent complications associated with decreased venous return. The other symptoms listed do not specifically correlate with SVCS. Coughing up blood typically indicates pulmonary issues, synergistic breathing sounds are more suggestive of obstructive lung conditions, and pain during inspiration may indicate pleuritic pain or other respiratory conditions rather than the specific vascular concerns associated with superior vena cava syndrome.