PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is the name of the disease characterized by occlusion of vessels in the hands and feet, often seen in young men who smoke?

1. Buerger's disease

2. Raynaud's phenomenon

3. Giant cell arteritis

4. Thromboangiitis obliterans

The correct answer is: Buerger's disease

The disease characterized by occlusion of vessels in the hands and feet, particularly seen in young men who smoke, is known as Buerger's disease. Formally referred to as thromboangiitis obliterans, Buerger's disease is a condition that involves inflammation and thrombosis of small to medium-sized blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow. It is most prevalent in individuals with a strong history of tobacco use, and its symptoms often manifest as pain in the limbs, ulcers, and ultimately possibly gangrene due to chronic ischemia. While Raynaud's phenomenon also involves issues related to blood flow to the fingers and toes, it is primarily linked to vasospasm rather than vessel occlusion and is not exclusive to smokers or young men. Giant cell arteritis generally affects older adults and predominantly impacts large vessels, particularly those supplying the head. Thus, it does not fit the profile of the age and smoking status typical for Buerger's disease. The association with smoking is a pivotal factor in identifying Buerger's disease, highlighting the importance of lifestyle choices in the condition's prevalence and severity.